Title
Synthesis of a novel cellulose-based hydrogel/nano-hydroxyapatite composite and potential regulation of nitrogen fertilizer release
Authors
MOROUG ZYADEH, MAHMOUD ABDEL-RAHMAN KASRAWI, IMAD MOH’DKHAIR HAMADNEH, SARAH JAMAL JARADAT and AKRAM ISMAIL ABUSHAWER

Received September 18, 2024
Published Volume 59 Issue 1-2 January-February
Keywords cellulose, citric acid, CMC-Na, nano hydroxyapatite, slow-release fertilizer, soil-water content

Abstract
The objective of this study was to create a nano hydroxyapatite/cellulose-based hydrogel composite as a green nitrogen fertilizer with sustained release properties. The composite was prepared by reacting cellulose, CMC-Na, citric acid as a cross-linking agent, nano hydroxyapatite, and nitrogen fertilizers KNO3 and (NH4)2SO4. The shape and structure were confirmed using FT-IR and SEM. The swelling ratio was investigated in deionized water. Furthermore, the impact on soil water content was also considered. Finally, the release rates of the fertilizers in deionized water and soil were investigated. The swelling ratio of the composite reached its maximum (1000%) on day 10, and it also exhibited slow release properties. The cumulative release rates of nitrate and sulfate reached 70% and 100%, respectively, in deionized water and soil, the soil-water content was enhanced, reaching 18% on day 20. The outcomes were consistent with the standards set forth by the Committee of European Normalization. In conclusion, this novel composite has the potential for utilization in agricultural applications.